The impact of psychological resources on smartphone addiction among generation Z students
The impact of psychological resources on smartphone addiction among generation Z students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1243/e4cd2z16Keywords:
Psychological resources, Smartphone addiction tendencies, Generation Z, StudentsAbstract
In the digital era, smartphones have become an intergral part of daily life, particularly for Generation Z - those born into and raised with digital technology. However, the excessive use of smartphones and the rising trend of smartphone addiction among this group have become a growing concern for both parents and professionals. This study aims to examine the impact of psychological resources on smartphone addiction tendencies among Generation Z students. A survey was conducted with 375 high school students in Hanoi. Findings from univariate regression analysis indicate that psychological resources play a positive role in reducing smartphone addiction tendencies. Moreover, when examined simultaneously in multivariate models, self-perceived competence and resilience emerged as the most significant and influential factors. These findings highlight the protective role of psychological resources and suggest potential pathways for intervention strategies aimed at mitigating smartphone addiction among Generation Z students.
References
Tài liệu tiếng Việt
1. Đinh Thị Hồng Vân, Đỗ Thị Lệ Hằng (2025). Nghiện điện thoại thông minh và kiệt sức trong học tập của trẻ vị thành niên. Kỷ yếu hội thảo khoa học quốc tế “Tâm lý học và Giáo dục học trong kỷ nguyên số”, tr. 1155-1163. NXB Đại học Sư phạm.
Tài liệu tiếng Anh
2. Alfaini, N., & Daulay, N. (2022). The Effect of Self-Efficacy and Well-Being on Smartphone Addiction. Edukatif: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 4(5), 6561-6570.
3. Babic, M. J., Smith, J. J., Morgan, P. J., Eather, N., Plotnikoff, R. C., & Lubans, D. R. (2017). Longitudinal associations between changes in screen-time and mental health outcomes in adolescents. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 12, 124-131.
4. Common Sense Media (2015). Landmark report: US teens use an average of nine hours of media per day, tweens use six hours. Author. Retrieved from https://www.commonsense media.org/about-us/news/press-releases/landmark-report-us-teens-use-an-average-ofnine-hours-of-media-per-day. Accessed on April 19, 2025.
5. Do Thi Le Hang, Cao Phuong Thao (2025). The Relationship between loneliness and problematic smartphone use among generation Z youth. Proceeding of International Conferences: Psyhological Issues among Adolescents in the Contemporary Context, 352-360. Social Sciences Publishing House.
6. Hao, Z., Jin, L., Huang, J., Akram, H. R., & Cui, Q. (2023). Resilience and problematic smartphone use: a moderated mediation model. Bmc Psychiatry, 23(1), 36.
7. Hobfoll, S. E. (2002). Social and psychological resources and adaptation. Review of General Psychology, 6(4), 307-324.
8. Izquierdo-Condoy, J. S., Paz, C., Nati-Castillo, H. A., Gollini-Mihalopoulos, R., Aveiro-Róbalo, T. R., Valeriano Paucar, J. R., ... & Ortiz-Prado, E. (2025). Impact of mobile phone usage on sleep quality among medical students across Latin America: multicenter cross-sectional study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 27, e60630.
9. Kardaras, N. (2016). Glow kids: How screen addiction is hijacking our kids-and how to break the trance. St. Martin's Press.
10. Kim, H. Y. (2013). Statistical notes for clinical researchers: assessing normal distribution (2) using skewness and kurtosis. Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, 38(1), 52-54.
11. Kwon, M., Kim, D. J., Cho, H., & Yang, S. (2013). The smartphone addiction scale: development and validation of a short version for adolescents. PloS One, 8(12), e83558.
12. Lee, J., Sung, M. J., Song, S. H., Lee, Y. M., Lee, J. J., Cho, S. M., ... & Shin, Y. M. (2018). Psychological factors associated with smartphone addiction in South Korean adolescents. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 38(3), 288-302.
13. Li, Q., & Liu, Z. (2025). Parental psychological control and adolescent smartphone addiction: roles of reactance and resilience. BMC Psychology, 13(1), 139.
14. Luthans, F., Youssef-Morgan, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2015). Psychological capital and beyond. Oxford University Press.
15. Made, S. A., & Mamnunia, A. A. (2024). Self Efficacy and Family Resilience Affects Smartphone Addiction in Adolescents. Jurnal Keperawatan Widya Gantari Indonesia, 8(2), 112-120.
16. Meng, S., Qi, K., Shen, P., Zhang, M., Zhang, Y., Onyebuchi, N., ... & Ge, X. (2025). The effects of mobile phone addiction on learning engagement of Chinese college students-the mediating role of physical activity and academic self-efficacy. BMC Public Health, 25(1), 110.
17. Nasution, F. K., & Daulay, N. (2022). The influence of academic resilience and student well-being on smartphone addiction. Jurnal Basicedu: Journal of Elementary Education, 6(3), 4415-4422.
18. Pearlin, L. I., Menaghan, E. G., Lieberman, M. A., & Mullan, J. T. (1981). The stress process. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 22(4), 337-356.
19. Peng, S., Zhou, B., Wang, X., Zhang, H., & Hu, X. (2020). Does high teacher autonomy support reduce smartphone use disorder in Chinese adolescents? A moderated mediation model. Addictive Behaviors, 105, 106319.
20. Prensky, M. (2001). Digital natives, digital immigrants: Part 1. On the Horizon, 9(5), 1-6.
21. Pretorius, T. B., & Heyns, P. M. (2005). Fortitude as stress-resistance: Development and validation of the Fortitude Questionnaire (FORQ). Bellville, South Africa: University of the Western Cape.
22. Ragupathi, D., Ibrahim, N., Tan, K. A., & Andrew, B. N. (2020). Relations of bedtime mobile phone use to cognitive functioning, academic performance, and sleep quality in undergraduate students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), 7131.
23. Rosenberg, M. (1979). Conceiving the self. New York, NY: Basic Books.
24. Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale. In J. Weinman, S. Wright, & M. Johnston (Eds.), Measures in health psychology: A user’s portfolio. Causal and control beliefs (pp. 35-37). Windsor, UK: NFER-NELSON.
25. Sunday, O. J., Adesope, O. O., & Maarhuis, P. L. (2021). The effects of smartphone addiction on learning: A meta-analysis. Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 4, 100114.
26. Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2018). Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study. Preventive Medicine Reports, 12, 271-283.
27. Twenge, J. M., Martin, G. N., & Spitzberg, B. H. (2019). Trends in US Adolescents’ media use, 1976-2016: The rise of digital media, the decline of TV, and the (near) demise of print. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(4), 329.
28. Wang, P. C., & Lei, L. (2021). How does problematic smartphone use impair adolescent self-esteem? A moderated mediation analysis. Current Psychology, 40(6), 2910-2916.
29. Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30-41.
